Sound & Lighting

Sound

 

 

There are many types of sound in film.

 

Diegetic sound is when the sounds on screen which are relevant to the film, or sounds in the film setting.e.g. voices of the characters, sounds made by objects in the film.

Non-diegetic sound is when sounds not on the screen, or setting that are edited in the scene of a film.e.g. narrator's commentary, soundtrack.

Contrapuntal sound is when sound does not match the actions happening on the screen, for example in a fight in a film classical music could be playing. Classical music doesn't match the action on screen.

Parallel sound however is when sound matches and fits the actions and emotions of the setting on the screen.

Sound bridges are techniques to make the film continuous and smooth. It's when sound from the end of one scene continues into the start of the next scene.

 

Lighting

Key Light: The main light on the subject, which is the brightest light.

Fill Light: Counter acts the key light, which makes the key light softer and it gets rid of harsh shadows.

Back Lighting: Helps add depth to the field, and makes the subject look more 'rounded'. The light source comes from behind the subject to create silhouettes.

Under Lighting: Main source of light comes from below the subject, mainly used in horrors.

Top Lighting: When the main source of light comes from above the subject, highlighting features to create a glamorous and flattering look to a star.

Low Key Lighting: Using only the key and back lights, a sharp contrast of light and dark is created forming deep shadows.

High Key Lighting: More filler lights are used to create a bright, daylight effect.